TDS Calculator India 2026
Free TDS Calculator with 4 modes: Section-wise TDS Calculator covering 23+ sections (194A, 194C, 194H, 194I, 194IA, 194IB, 194J, 194K, 194O, 194Q, 194R, 194S, 194T, and more) with PAN/No-PAN impact and Individual vs Company rates, Complete TDS Rate Chart with category filters, Penalty & Interest Calculator for late deposit and non-deduction (Sections 201, 234E, 271H), and Quarterly Filing Calendar with Form 24Q/26Q/27Q due dates. Updated for FY 2025-26 including the new Section 194T for partner payments.
What is TDS (Tax Deducted at Source)?
Tax Deducted at Source (TDS) is a mechanism under the Indian Income Tax Act where the payer (deductor) deducts a specified percentage of tax from certain payments — such as salary, interest, rent, professional fees, and commissions — before making the payment to the recipient (deductee). The deducted tax is deposited with the government on behalf of the recipient.
Net Amount Payable: Net Amount = Payment Amount − TDS Amount
TDS serves dual purposes: (1) it ensures steady revenue collection throughout the year instead of a lump-sum payment at year-end, and (2) it creates an audit trail of income, reducing tax evasion. The recipient can claim credit for TDS when filing their Income Tax Return (ITR). Use our Income Tax Calculator to see how TDS fits into your total tax liability.
Complete TDS Rate Chart — FY 2025-26 (AY 2026-27)
| Section | Nature of Payment | Threshold | Ind/HUF Rate | Others Rate | No PAN Rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 192 | Salary | Exemption limit | Slab rate | — | 20% |
| 194A | Interest (Banks/FD/RD) | ₹50,000 (₹1L Sr.) | 10% | 10% | 20% |
| 194B | Lottery/Games | ₹10,000 | 30% | 30% | 30% |
| 194C | Contractor | ₹30K/₹1L agg. | 1% | 2% | 20% |
| 194D | Insurance Commission | ₹20,000 | 5% | 10% | 20% |
| 194H | Commission/Brokerage | ₹20,000 | 2% | 2% | 20% |
| 194I(a) | Rent — Plant & Machinery | ₹50,000/yr | 2% | 2% | 20% |
| 194I(b) | Rent — Building/Land | ₹50,000/yr | 10% | 10% | 20% |
| 194IA | Property Purchase | ₹50,00,000 | 1% | 1% | 20% |
| 194IB | Rent (Ind/HUF, no audit) | ₹50,000/month | 5% | 5% | 20% |
| 194J | Professional Fees | ₹50,000 | 10% | 10% | 20% |
| 194J(a) | Technical Services | ₹50,000 | 2% | 2% | 20% |
| 194K | MF Dividend | ₹10,000 | 10% | 10% | 20% |
| 194O | E-Commerce Operator | ₹5,00,000 | 0.1% | 0.1% | 5% |
| 194Q | Purchase of Goods | ₹50,00,000 | 0.1% | 0.1% | 5% |
| 194R | Business Perquisite | ₹20,000 | 10% | 10% | 20% |
| 194S | Crypto/VDA Transfer | ₹50,000 | 1% | 1% | 20% |
| 194T ★ | Partner Payments (NEW) | ₹20,000 | 10% | 10% | 20% |
★ Section 194T is new from FY 2025-26 — firms and LLPs must now deduct TDS on salary, remuneration, commission, and interest paid to partners.
TDS on Salary — Section 192
TDS on salary is the most common form of TDS. Your employer estimates your total annual income, applicable deductions (80C, 80D, HRA, etc.), and deducts TDS at your average slab rate each month. Key points:
- Employer considers your investment declarations (proof submission usually by February)
- Standard deduction of ₹75,000 (New Regime) / ₹50,000 (Old Regime) is factored in
- HRA exemption reduces TDS — use our HRA Calculator
- If you have income from other sources, you can declare it via Form 12BB
- Form 16 is issued annually as TDS certificate
Use our Salary Calculator to compute your exact in-hand salary after TDS and other deductions.
TDS on Interest — Section 194A
Banks, post offices, and cooperative societies deduct TDS at 10% on interest income from fixed deposits, recurring deposits, and savings accounts when interest exceeds:
| Recipient | Threshold (per FY) | TDS Rate |
|---|---|---|
| General (below 60 years) | ₹50,000 | 10% |
| Senior Citizens (60+) | ₹1,00,000 | 10% |
| Without PAN | ₹50,000 / ₹1,00,000 | 20% |
To avoid TDS if your total income is below taxable limit, submit Form 15G (below 60) or Form 15H (senior citizens) to your bank. See our FD Calculator for post-TDS returns on fixed deposits.
TDS on Rent — Sections 194I & 194IB
| Feature | Section 194I | Section 194IB |
|---|---|---|
| Who Deducts? | Any person (except Ind/HUF without audit) | Individual/HUF NOT liable for tax audit |
| Threshold | ₹50,000 per FY | ₹50,000 per MONTH |
| Rate (Building) | 10% | 5% |
| Rate (P&M) | 2% | N/A |
| TAN Required? | Yes | No (use PAN) |
| Deposit Form | Challan 281 | Form 26QC |
TDS on Property Purchase — Section 194IA
Any person buying immovable property (except agricultural land) where consideration exceeds ₹50 lakh must deduct 1% TDS.
- Deposit via Form 26QB within 30 days of month-end
- Issue Form 16B to the seller
- No TAN requirement — buyer uses their PAN
- Stamp duty value applies if higher than actual consideration
- Use our Capital Gains Tax Calculator to compute the seller’s LTCG/STCG liability
TDS on Professional & Technical Fees — Section 194J
Key distinction: Professional fees (CA, lawyer, architect, doctor): 10%. Technical services (call centres, IT services): 2% under 194J(a). Threshold: ₹50,000 per FY. Royalty: 10%.
TDS on Crypto/VDA — Section 194S
Since FY 2022-23, all transfers of Virtual Digital Assets (crypto, NFTs) attract 1% TDS under Section 194S:
| Detail | Rule |
|---|---|
| Rate | 1% on gross consideration |
| Threshold (General) | ₹50,000 per FY |
| Threshold (Specified — exchanges) | ₹10,000 per FY |
| Who Deducts? | Buyer / Exchange |
| Income Tax on Gain | 30% flat (Section 115BBH) |
Use our Capital Gains Tax Calculator (Mode 1 → Crypto/VDA) for complete crypto tax computation.
NEW Section 194T — TDS on Partner Payments (FY 2025-26)
This is a significant compliance change. Partnership firms now need a TAN and must include partner payments in quarterly TDS returns (Form 26Q).
PAN Impact on TDS — Section 206AA
If the recipient does not provide a valid PAN, TDS is deducted at the HIGHER of:
- The prescribed rate under the applicable section
- 20% (for most sections)
- 5% (for Sections 194O and 194Q — e-commerce and goods purchase)
Penalty & Interest for TDS Non-Compliance
| Default | Section | Rate / Amount |
|---|---|---|
| Failure to deduct TDS | 201(1A)(i) | 1% per month (from due date to actual deduction) |
| Failure to deposit TDS | 201(1A)(ii) | 1.5% per month (from deduction to actual deposit) |
| Late filing of TDS return | 234E | ₹200 per day (capped at TDS amount) |
| Incorrect/late return | 271H | ₹10,000 to ₹1,00,000 penalty |
| Non-deduction (assessee in default) | 201(1) | Deductor is treated as assessee in default |
Use our Penalty Calculator (Mode 3 above) to estimate the financial impact of TDS non-compliance.
TDS Forms & Returns — Complete Guide
| Form | Purpose | Filed By | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Form 24Q | TDS on Salary | Employer | Quarterly |
| Form 26Q | TDS on Non-Salary (Residents) | Deductor | Quarterly |
| Form 27Q | TDS on Non-Residents | Deductor | Quarterly |
| Form 27EQ | TCS Returns | Collector | Quarterly |
| Form 16 | Salary TDS Certificate | Employer to Employee | Annual |
| Form 16A | Non-Salary TDS Certificate | Deductor to Deductee | Quarterly |
| Form 26AS | Tax Credit Statement | IT Department | Real-time |
| Form 26QB | Property TDS (194IA) | Buyer | Per transaction |
| Form 26QC | Rent TDS (194IB) | Tenant (Ind/HUF) | Per transaction |
| Form 15G/15H | Declaration — No TDS on interest | Recipient | Annual |
| Form 13 | Lower Deduction Certificate | Recipient | Annual |
| Challan 281 | TDS Payment Challan | Deductor | Monthly |
Lower Deduction Certificate — Section 197
If your actual tax liability is lower than the standard TDS rate, you can apply for a Lower Deduction Certificate (LDC) via Form 13 on the Income Tax e-filing portal. The Assessing Officer may issue a certificate allowing TDS at a reduced rate (even NIL). Common use cases: freelancers with multiple clients, senior citizens, exporters, and contractors with thin margins.
Form 15G & 15H — Avoid TDS on Interest
Form 15G (below 60 years) and Form 15H (60+ years) allow you to declare that your total income is below the taxable limit, preventing the bank from deducting TDS on interest. Conditions:
- Total income must be below basic exemption limit
- Tax liability on total income must be NIL
- Must be filed with each bank/institution separately
- Renewed annually at the start of each FY