Percentage Calculator

Q: How do I calculate a percentage of a number?

Multiply the number by the percentage and divide by 100. 18% of 1,000 = 1,000 × 18 ÷ 100 = 180.

Q: How do I calculate the percentage of marks?

Divide your total marks by the maximum marks and multiply by 100. 450 out of 500 is 90%.

Q: How do I calculate a percentage increase?

Subtract the old value from the new one, divide by the old value and multiply by 100. ₹50,000 to ₹54,000 is an 8% increase.

Q: How do I remove GST from a price?

Divide the price by 1 plus the GST rate. For 18% GST, ₹1,180 ÷ 1.18 = ₹1,000 before GST.

Q: If a price falls 10% and then rises 10%, is it back to where it started?

No. ₹100 falls to ₹90, and 10% of ₹90 is ₹9, so it rises to ₹99, which is 1% below the start.

Work out a percentage of a number, what percent one number is of another, and the percentage increase or decrease between two numbers.

What is X% of Y?

Percentage (%)

18% of 1,000180

X is what % of Y?

Value

Out of

450 out of 50090%

Percentage increase or decrease

From

50,000 → 54,000+8%

Percentage change is measured against the starting number, so a 10% rise followed by a 10% fall leaves you 1% below where you began.

Percentage formulas

X% of Y = X ÷ 100 × Y. Example: 18% of ₹1,000 = ₹180.
X as a % of Y = X ÷ Y × 100. Example: 450 marks out of 500 = 90%.
% change = (New − Old) ÷ Old × 100. Example: salary from ₹50,000 to ₹54,000 = an 8% hike.

Everyday examples

Exam marks percentage

Add the marks you scored and divide by the maximum marks, then multiply by 100. 450 out of 500 = 90%.

Salary hike

A rise from ₹50,000 to ₹54,000 a month is (54,000 − 50,000) ÷ 50,000 × 100 = 8%.

Discount

30% off ₹2,000 = ₹600 off, so you pay ₹1,400. Two discounts do not add up: 20% off and then 10% off is 28% off, not 30%.

Adding GST

₹1,000 plus 18% GST = ₹1,000 × 1.18 = ₹1,180. To take GST out of ₹1,180, divide by 1.18, not subtract 18%.

Percentage vs percentage points

If a loan rate rises from 8% to 9%, it has gone up by 1 percentage point, which is a 12.5% increase in the rate itself. News about repo-rate changes uses percentage points (or basis points: 0.25 points = 25 basis points).

When to use a different calculator

Adding or removing GST? Use the GST Calculator.
Working out a new salary after a hike? Use the Salary Hike Calculator.
Growth over several years? Use the CAGR Calculator.